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The Seafood of Cardigan Bay.........
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Media attention was recently
focused on a so-called 'Invasion' of Spider Crabs in Cardigan Bay. The
story was carried on BBC Wales and BBC News 24 (see
Spider crab invasion). interviews were carried out with
Fishmonger Will Willis (see left) at the Fishmongers at 'Fish on the
Quay', Cadwgan Place, Aberaeron and with fisherman Winston Evans in New
Quay.
The story highlighted the Seafood of
Cardigan Bay - one of the best, yet least known natural resources of
Cardigan Bay.
The mainstay of the local industry used
to be the Herring. In 1808 it was reported that the fisherman of New
Quay and nearby ports had caught nine million Herring in one night
with catches averaging 4,000 to 5,000 fish per boat per night.
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Samuel Lewis wrote about New Quay in
his Topographical Dictionary of Wales in 1833 that: 'There are at present from sixty to seventy vessels belonging to this port, averaging from forty to fifty tons' burden each, and employing from one hundred and fifty to two hundred men. Fish of very superior quality is found in abundance on this part of the coast, soles, turbots, and oysters, being taken in great numbers during the season ; a good herring fishery may also be established with advantage.'
By the 1830's
though, the catch had diminished and the fishing boats started to
disappear to be replaced by larger boats designed to trade in various
cargoes. The demise of the fishing industry at that time however gave
birth to the shipbuilding industry for which New Quay and Cei Bach
became famous.
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Today, the netting of fish has
died out locally as resource depletion and economic pressures
have taken their toll.
Over the
years since then, the number of local fishing boats has continued to
decrease until there is often just a single boat going out of New Quay
and only a couple of boats from nearby Aberaeron.
The mainstay of the local fishing
industry today is Lobster and Brown or Edible Crab with Mackerel and
Sea Bass being the main fish species. Will Willis tells me that he
would like to see more local prawns on sale - "Cardigan Bay
Prawns are superb" he says, "the best in the world". He
also tells me that there are Brill, Lemon Sole and Dover Sole in the
Bay that are not at present being caught.
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Left: New
Quay fisherman Winston Evans outside his fish store and Boat trip
kiosk.
Unlike South Wales, which has extensive
sandy and muddy bays and estuaries, the coast of Cardigan bay is mainly
rocky with small sandy coves. As a result cockles and other shellfish
are not taken locally although some are imported from Ireland. |
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Mackerel are caught on
long lines in Cardigan Bay. They are a fast swimming shoaling
predatory fish with some of the highest levels of Omega 3 fatty acids.
These fatty acids are thought to have significant health benefits
including the lowering of blood cholesterol levels and an
overall improvement in cardiovascular health.
Winston Evans has
told of Mackerel shoals three miles long in days past. Today, however
finding Mackerel is more like finding a needle in a haystack he said.
He also noted that no Skate have been caught locally for some
years. |

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Fishing, almost more than
any other industry has suffered from over-exploitation and consequent
depletion of fishing stocks over hundreds of years. The small number
of commercial fishermen in the area today reflects this reality. There
are just not enough Lobsters, Crabs and Fish to support an
economically viable larger local industry. However, Will Willis
assures me that the seafood that remains is of the highest quality,
While large mainly foreign
owned vessels take almost everything that swims in the sea, local
Fisherman and Fishmongers are trying to conserve stocks. Will Willis
tells me that he will not take berried (egg-bearing) Lobsters and that
he always tries to buy the larger mature fish leaving the younger ones
to grow and have a chance of reproducing. |
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Spider Crabs are also
taken locally in the summer months from mid May through August. This
is a species more commonly seen in France and Spain for it prefers
warmer waters to the south. In
the colder months the Spider Crab stays in deeper water from 30 to 100
metres where individuals spread out over a large area. When they come
closer to the shore in the summer, they may form dense mounds
especially after moulting when their shells are soft. 2003
has been a bumper year for Spider Crabs whose meat is thought by many
to be at least as good as, or even superior to that of the more
traditionally taken Brown Crab.
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Nature is very resilient.
Species will decline when predation is excessive, but will bounce back
when those pressures decrease - at least up until a certain point.
There is evidence that North Sea Cod stocks may never recover, but
there is every hope that Cardigan Bay fish stocks will have stabilised
and may even increase in future years with so few fishing boats going
out locally.
Whatever the final
outcome, both local residents and visitors alike can enjoy locally
caught seafood, confident that its quality is first rate and that its
consumption supports the local economy.
My thanks to Will Willis
- 'Fish on the Quay', Aberaeron - 01545-570599 - open with crabs,
lobsters and local fish from April 1st to December 24th, 2004.
and also to Winston Evans - New Quay Fresh Fish and Boat trips - 01545-560800.
© Rod Attrill 2003
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